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Compare British Virgin Islands (2002) - Arctic Ocean (2003)

Compare British Virgin Islands (2002) z Arctic Ocean (2003)

 British Virgin Islands (2002)Arctic Ocean (2003)
 British Virgin IslandsArctic Ocean
Administrative divisions none (overseas territory of the UK) -
Age structure 0-14 years: 22.4% (male 2,401; female 2,351)


15-64 years: 72.7% (male 7,962; female 7,509)


65 years and over: 4.9% (male 565; female 484) (2002 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products fruits, vegetables; livestock, poultry; fish -
Airports 3 (2001) -
Airports - with paved runways total: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2002)		 -
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)		 -
Area total: 153 sq km


land: 153 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: comprised of 16 inhabited and more than 20 uninhabited islands; includes the island of Anegada		 total: 14.056 million sq km


note: includes Baffin Bay, Barents Sea, Beaufort Sea, Chukchi Sea, East Siberian Sea, Greenland Sea, Hudson Bay, Hudson Strait, Kara Sea, Laptev Sea, Northwest Passage, and other tributary water bodies
Area - comparative about 0.9 times the size of Washington, DC slightly less than 1.5 times the size of the US
Background First settled by the Dutch in 1648, the islands were annexed in 1672 by the English. The economy is closely tied to the larger and more populous US Virgin Islands to the west; the US dollar is the legal currency. The Arctic Ocean is the smallest of the world's five oceans (after the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, and the recently delimited Southern Ocean). The Northwest Passage (US and Canada) and Northern Sea Route (Norway and Russia) are two important seasonal waterways. A sparse network of air, ocean, river, and land routes circumscribes the Arctic Ocean.
Birth rate 15.09 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) -
Budget revenues: $121.5 million


expenditures: $115.5 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997)		 -
Capital Road Town -
Climate subtropical; humid; temperatures moderated by trade winds polar climate characterized by persistent cold and relatively narrow annual temperature ranges; winters characterized by continuous darkness, cold and stable weather conditions, and clear skies; summers characterized by continuous daylight, damp and foggy weather, and weak cyclones with rain or snow
Coastline 80 km 45,389 km
Constitution 1 June 1977 -
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: British Virgin Islands


abbreviation: BVI		 -
Currency US dollar (USD) -
Death rate 4.42 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) -
Debt - external $36.1 million (1997) -
Dependency status overseas territory of the UK; internal self-governing -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK) -
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK) -
Disputes - international none some maritime disputes (see littoral states)
Economic aid - recipient NA -
Economy - overview The economy, one of the most stable and prosperous in the Caribbean, is highly dependent on tourism, generating an estimated 45% of the national income. An estimated 350,000 tourists, mainly from the US, visited the islands in 1998. In the mid-1980s, the government began offering offshore registration to companies wishing to incorporate in the islands, and incorporation fees now generate substantial revenues. Roughly 400,000 companies were on the offshore registry by yearend 2000. The adoption of a comprehensive insurance law in late 1994, which provides a blanket of confidentiality with regulated statutory gateways for investigation of criminal offenses, is expected to make the British Virgin Islands even more attractive to international business. Livestock raising is the most important agricultural activity; poor soils limit the islands' ability to meet domestic food requirements. Because of traditionally close links with the US Virgin Islands, the British Virgin Islands has used the dollar as its currency since 1959. Economic activity is limited to the exploitation of natural resources, including petroleum, natural gas, fish, and seals.
Electricity - consumption 39.1 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production 42 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (1999)		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: Mount Sage 521 m		 lowest point: Fram Basin -4,665 m


highest point: sea level 0 m
Environment - current issues limited natural fresh water resources (except for a few seasonal streams and springs on Tortola, most of the islands' water supply comes from wells and rainwater catchments) endangered marine species include walruses and whales; fragile ecosystem slow to change and slow to recover from disruptions or damage; thinning polar icepack
Ethnic groups black 83%, white, Indian, Asian and mixed -
Exchange rates the US dollar is used -
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Tom MACAN (since 14 October 2002)


head of government: Chief Minister Ralph T. O'NEAL (since 15 May 1995)


cabinet: Executive Council appointed by the governor from members of the Legislative Council


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed chief minister by the governor		 -
Exports $6.2 million -
Exports - commodities rum, fresh fish, fruits, animals; gravel, sand -
Exports - partners Virgin Islands (US), Puerto Rico, US -
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March -
Flag description blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Virgin Islander coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms depicts a woman flanked on either side by a vertical column of six oil lamps above a scroll bearing the Latin word VIGILATE (Be Watchful) -
GDP purchasing power parity - $311 million (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 2%


industry: 6%


services: 92% (1996 est.)		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $16,000 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 4.4% (2000 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 18 30 N, 64 30 W 90 00 N, 0 00 E
Geography - note strong ties to nearby US Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico major chokepoint is the southern Chukchi Sea (northern access to the Pacific Ocean via the Bering Strait); strategic location between North America and Russia; shortest marine link between the extremes of eastern and western Russia; floating research stations operated by the US and Russia; maximum snow cover in March or April about 20 to 50 centimeters over the frozen ocean; snow cover lasts about 10 months
Highways total: 177 km


paved: 177 km


unpaved: 0 km (2000)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%		 -
Illicit drugs transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe; large offshore financial center -
Imports $230 million (2000 est.) -
Imports - commodities building materials, automobiles, foodstuffs, machinery -
Imports - partners Virgin Islands (US), Puerto Rico, US -
Independence none (overseas territory of the UK) -
Industrial production growth rate 4% (1985) -
Industries tourism, light industry, construction, rum, concrete block, offshore financial center -
Infant mortality rate 19.55 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.3% (2000) -
International organization participation Caricom (associate), CDB, ECLAC (associate), Interpol (subbureau), IOC, OECS (associate), UNESCO (associate) -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 16 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km -
Judicial branch Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court, consisting of the High Court of Justice and the Court of Appeal (one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the High Court); Magistrate's Court; Juvenile Court; Court of Summary Jurisdiction -
Labor force 4,911 (1980) -
Labor force - by occupation agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA% -
Land boundaries 0 km -
Land use arable land: 20%


permanent crops: 6.67%


other: 73.33% (1998 est.)		 -
Languages English (official) -
Legal system English law -
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Council (13 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote, one member from each of 9 electoral districts, four at-large members; members serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 17 May 1999 (next to be held NA 2003)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - VIP 7, CCM 1, NDP 5		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population: 75.85 years


male: 74.9 years


female: 76.84 years (2002 est.)		 -
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 97.8% (1991 est.)


male: NA%


female: NA%		 -
Location Caribbean, between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, east of Puerto Rico body of water between Europe, Asia, and North America, mostly north of the Arctic Circle
Map references Central America and the Caribbean Arctic Region
Maritime claims exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 3 NM		 -
Merchant marine total: 1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 70,285 GRT/6,946 DWT


ships by type: passenger 1 (2002 est.)		 -
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK -
National holiday Territory Day, 1 July -
Nationality noun: British Virgin Islander(s)


adjective: British Virgin Islander		 -
Natural hazards hurricanes and tropical storms (July to October) ice islands occasionally break away from northern Ellesmere Island; icebergs calved from glaciers in western Greenland and extreme northeastern Canada; permafrost in islands; virtually ice locked from October to June; ships subject to superstructure icing from October to May
Natural resources NEGL sand and gravel aggregates, placer deposits, polymetallic nodules, oil and gas fields, fish, marine mammals (seals and whales)
Net migration rate 10.91 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) -
Political parties and leaders Concerned Citizens Movement or CCM [Ethlyn SMITH]; National Democratic Party or NDP [Orlando SMITH]; United Party or UP [Gregory MADURO]; Virgin Islands Party or VIP [Ralph T. O'NEAL] -
Political pressure groups and leaders NA -
Population 21,272 (July 2002 est.) -
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 2.16% (2002 est.) -
Ports and harbors Road Town Churchill (Canada), Murmansk (Russia), Prudhoe Bay (US)
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998) -
Radios 9,000 (1997) -
Railways 0 km -
Religions Protestant 86% (Methodist 33%, Anglican 17%, Church of God 9%, Seventh-Day Adventist 6%, Baptist 4%, Jehovah's Witnesses 2%, other 2%), Roman Catholic 10%, none 2%, other 2% (1991) -
Sex ratio at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 1.17 male(s)/female


total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (2002 est.)		 -
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment: worldwide telephone service


domestic: NA


international: submarine cable to Bermuda		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 10,000 (1996) -
Telephones - mobile cellular NA -
Television broadcast stations 1 (plus one cable company) (1997) -
Terrain coral islands relatively flat; volcanic islands steep, hilly central surface covered by a perennial drifting polar icepack that averages about 3 meters in thickness, although pressure ridges may be three times that size; clockwise drift pattern in the Beaufort Gyral Stream, but nearly straight-line movement from the New Siberian Islands (Russia) to Denmark Strait (between Greenland and Iceland); the icepack is surrounded by open seas during the summer, but more than doubles in size during the winter and extends to the encircling landmasses; the ocean floor is about 50% continental shelf (highest percentage of any ocean) with the remainder a central basin interrupted by three submarine ridges (Alpha Cordillera, Nansen Cordillera, and Lomonosov Ridge)
Total fertility rate 1.72 children born/woman (2002 est.) -
Transportation - note - sparse network of air, ocean, river, and land routes; the Northwest Passage (North America) and Northern Sea Route (Eurasia) are important seasonal waterways
Unemployment rate 3% (1995) -
Waterways none -
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